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Packaged food: India consistently ranked towards bottom for all measures of nutritional quality

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Excerpts from the paper “A comparison of the healthiness of packaged foods and beverages from 12 countries using the Health Star Rating nutrient profiling system, 2013–2018”, published in Obesity Reviews, World Obesity Federation:

FSAI

We compared the healthiness of packaged foods and beverages between selected countries using the Health Star Rating (HSR) nutrient profiling system. Packaged food and beverage data collected 2013–2018 were obtained for Australia, Canada, Chile, China, India, Hong Kong, Mexico, New Zealand, Slovenia, South Africa, the UK, and USA. Each product was assigned to a food or beverage category and mean HSR was calculated overall by category and by country.

Countries were ranked by mean HSR and median nutrient levels. Mean HSR for all products  was 2.73  out of 5.0 (healthiest profile). The UK, USA, Australia and Canada ranked highest for overall nutrient profile (HSR 2.74–2.83) and India, Hong Kong, China and Chile ranked lowest (HSR 2.27–2.44). Countries with higher overall HSR generally ranked better with respect to nutrient levels. India ranked consistently in the least healthy third for all measures.

There is considerable variability in the healthiness of packaged foods and beverages in different countries. The finding that packaged foods and beverages are less healthy in middle‐ income countries such as China and India suggests that nutrient profiling is an important tool to enable policymakers and industry actors to reformulate products available in the marketplace to reduce the risk of obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among populations.

There was considerable heterogeneity in the healthiness of food and beverage categories by country. No country consistently ranked in the upper, middle or lower third of HSR rankings for all categories. However, countries such as Australia, New Zealand and South Africa had a relatively small number of categories in the lowest (least healthy) third of HSRs (two from a total of 14). In contrast, Hong Kong, India, Chile and China had six or more of their food and beverage categories ranked in the lowest third.

Canada, the UK, Australia and the USA had the highest ranked mean HSR for all foods and beverages combined (2.74 to 2.83) and Hong Kong, Chile, India and China had the lowest (2.27 to 2.44). HSR rankings differed when foods and beverages were separated out, with some countries performing well for one and less well for the other, e.g. China ranked amongst the best performing countries for beverages (HSR 2.90) but amongst the worst for food (HSR 2.37). By contrast, South Africa’s HSR for beverages (1.92) was ranked considerably lower than its HSR for foods (2.87).

There was also considerable variation in the ranking of levels of nutrients of concern between countries. Whilst countries with higher overall HSR tended to also rank better with respect to nutrient content of their foods and beverages, there were exceptions.

The sodium content of foods, in particular, was not consistently related to HSR ranking. Canadian and USA products, for example, were among the highest third of median sodium content of all countries (333 mg/100 g and 304 mg/100 g respectfully) despite sitting among the highest third of mean HSR (2.74 and 2.82 respectfully). India was consistently ranked towards the bottom for all measures of nutritional quality.

Chinese packaged foods and beverages had the highest median total sugar content (8.3 g/100 g), followed by India (7.3 g/100 g). UK foods had the lowest median sugar content (3.8 g/100 g) followed by Canada (4.6 g/100 g) and Slovenia (4.6 g/100 g).

Indian packaged foods and beverages had the highest median energy content (1515 kJ/100 g), followed by China (1461 kJ/100 g). South African products had the lowest median energy content (1044 kJ/100 g) followed by the UK (985 kJ/100 g).

Overall, packaged foods and beverages in the UK, USA, Australia and Canada ranked healthiest (mean HSR: 2.74 to 2.83 from a possible maximum of 5.00), and Indian, Hong Kong, Chinese, and Chilean foods ranked least healthy (mean HSR: 2.27 to 2.44). Chinese and Indian packaged foods and beverages also had the highest levels of saturated fat, total sugars, and energy density.

This is in line with previous research highlighting the generally unhealthy nature of packaged food and beverage products sold by the largest  major food companies in India (with a mean HSR of <2.0). Levels of nutrients of concern have also previously been shown to be higher in foods in China compared to Western countries.

A recent report compared the healthiness of foods provided by nine of the world’s largest food and beverage manufacturers across countries. That report identified that food sold by these companies in countries of high‐income such as the UK and Australia had overall higher mean HSRs than those sold in lower‐income countries such as India and China.

The observation that packaged food and beverage products available for consumer purchases in middle‐income countries such as China and India were less healthy than those in high‐income countries such as Canada, UK, Australia and UK is a significant cause for concern.

India and China are experiencing a “nutrition transition”, with national nutrition surveys from the past few decades showing consumption patterns switching from traditional diets based upon fruits, vegetables, unprocessed cereals and legumes to diets that are increasingly dominated by highly processed packaged food and beverage products.

From a food category perspective, large differences in both mean HSR ranking and median levels of nutrients of concern were observed. Some results were not surprising, such as fruit, vegetables, nuts and legumes and eggs being the categories with the highest mean HSR (3.76 and 3.63 respectfully) and confectionery the lowest (1.23).

However, results showed that there were marked differences between countries in the healthiness of the same major food categories. In India, for example, fruit, vegetables, nuts and legume products had a mean HSR of 2.94, while the same category in Mexico had a mean HSR of 3.97. Similarly, meat and meat alternative products in China had a mean HSR of 1.89 compared to 3.35 for India.

These differences may reflect variation in national product portfolios (i.e. the ratio of different types of products available) as well as differences in the average composition of the same types of products. Systematic differences between high‐ and middle‐income countries may be attributable to a lack of capacity for implementation and enforcement of national policies, as well as differences in food labelling requirements and enforcement of food labelling.

These analyses demonstrate that there is considerable variability in the healthiness of packaged food and beverages across countries. The finding that packaged foods and beverages are consistently less healthy in countries such as China and India compared with higher income countries is a serious cause for concern.

These data highlight the need for continuous monitoring and reporting of the healthiness of products across diverse countries. Nutrient profiling is an important tool that can help define and monitor policy actions to improve the healthfulness of products in the marketplace and reduce population risks of obesity and non‐communicable disease risks.

Courtesy: Counter View

First ‘Hindu Court’ set up in India by Hindu Mahasabha

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On 15th August, the members of Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha set up the first Hindu Court in Meerut, UP. This court has been opened to deal with the issues of Hindus such as property disputes, Hindu Marriages, harassment of Hindu women and so on.

The Hindu Mahasabha plans to open 5 more such courts in other districts such as Aligarh, Mathura, Hathras, Firozabad and Shikohabad which will be inaugurated on November 15th the day when Nathuram Godse, the man who shot Gandhi was hanged.

However the main purpose of setting up Hindu Courts is to counter the plan of the All India Muslim Personal Law Board to set up Shariah courts. The Hindu Mahasabha members argue that if there can be Darul qaza court for Muslims then why can’t there be a court for Hindus? And that there should be just one constitution for everyone.

They claim that they had objected to the Shariah Courts and demanded that these courts be closed but their demands have not been met which is why Hindu courts have been set up.
 

The first court in Meerut will have its bylaws, rules and regulations framed and declared on 2nd October. The first judge who has been appointed for this court in Meerut is Pooja Shakun Pandey. Pooja Shakun Pandey is the National secretary of the Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha and was in the news a few months back for shooting an effigy of Mahatma Gandhi along with her husband and some other members. And she had also distributed knives to school children in the month of May 2019.
 

This court will also have systems of punishment with their own jails and the highest punishment will be death sentence.

TwoCircles.net spoke to some activists and laypersons on this new turn of events.

Khalid Hassan, General Secretary of Awami Insaaf Movement said, “I believe this is an attempt by the right wing to put pressure on the Government to end the Qazzat system, Dar Al Iftah, Deoband etc. Whenever there will be an objection or court case, they will give reference of these and petition that our court is no different from theirs, shut that and we will shut these.”

Pallavi Gupta pursuing her Phd, said, “This move by the Hindu Mahasabha raises several concerns; first whether informal systems for redress can enable access to justice. And in the process replace or address the pending cases in court?”

“Second, having an informal redress system is not really a solution for the problem of pending cases. Third, what is the locus standi of these Hindu courts? How have they been set up and under what law, rule and procedures will they operate? Finally, I think it’s important to reflect on the larger issue “Hindu courts on lines of Sharia system” is not only demonizing Sharia and uncodified Muslim personal laws but also laying the ground for demands for a Uniform Civil Code in India.” She concluded.

Indrani, a private employee who is affiliated with a political party said, “It is not a bad idea to have our own courts. It will save both money and time.”

The Hindu Mahasabha members also feel that through these courts they can bring all Hindus under one umbrella and unite them. They plan to set up at least 15 Hindu courts in India.

Courtesy: Two Circle

Israel Consulate in Mumbai Organises Event on Hindutva and Zionism

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All masks are off and all veneers discarded- the Consulate General of Israel in Mumbai along with one Indo-Israel Friendship Association is organising a public discussion on Hindutva and Zionism on August 26th, at the The Convocation Hall of University of Mumbai. The poster of the event flaunts images of Theodor Herzl and VD Savarkar, and the event has Subramanian Swamy and a professor from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Gadi Taub as speakers. So far, Israel’s mission in India spoke the language of bringing technology and building cultural ties. Israel’s agencies, as part of its Brand Israel, have tried to whitewash its occupation, apartheid and settler-colonialism against Palestinians by hosting events, film festivals, etc, in an attempt to deflect attention from its crimes.


Palestinians during Al-Nakba, their mass expulsion to establish Israel | Image Courtesy: Medium

However, this time the ruling dispensation in India gives the Israeli embassy the confidence to drop all pretenses. All along, it is the connivance of these ideologies that has brought India and Israel closer in the last half a decade, at the cost of Indian solidarity to Palestine. In this context, we are sharing an excerpt from Sukumar Muralidharan’s essay “The ideological common ground between Hindutva and Zionism”, from the collection From India to Palestine: Essays in Solidarity edited by Githa Hariharan.

As Hindu nationalist ideology moves into its more extreme fringes, its inherent paradoxes stand out with similar starkness. Early pioneers of the ideology articulated these in the confident belief that minor doctrinal inconsistencies would be of no consequence in the mission of facing down a common enemy in Islam. As India under colonial rule lurched from the bitter aftermath of the collapse of the Khilafat agitation into an extended phase of communal estrangement, the notion of a country inhabited by two nations became widely accepted, crystallised especially in two political vehicles: the Hindu Mahasabha and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). A text published in 1939 by M.S. Golwalkar, a year before he took over the leadership of the RSS, remains one of the most authoritative statements on Hindu nationalism, offering rich insights through its comments on contemporary world events into the ideological pantheon it drew sustenance from.

Golwalkar’s statements lauding Nazi Germany for its virulent manifestation of “race pride”, which led to the expulsion of the Jews despite the world recoiling in horror at the enormity of the deed, are widely cited. These offer eloquent testimony in themselves, but only tell the full story when juxtaposed with the observations on Zionism that the same text offers. Golwalkar identifies India as one among the early nations that afforded sanctuary to the Jews after their country passed into Roman tyranny. This was obviously a bond in his rather twisted historical imagination, which persisted into that moment in history when the greater dispersal of the Jews took place, with the “engines of destruction . . . under the name of Islam” being let loose in the land. Palestine, in Golwalkar’s sense, suffered much like India did, losing its culture and traditions on account of the intrusions of Islam “Palestine became Arab, a large number of Hebrews changed faith and culture and language and the Hebrew nation in Palestine died a natural death.” But hope was not lost, since “the attempt at rehabilitating Palestine with its ancient population of the Jews is nothing more than an effort to reconstruct the broken edifice and revitalise the practically dead Hebrew National life.”

Nationalism for Golwalkar was a compound of religion, culture and language, which he found lacking in Palestine. All three attributes, though, were on display among the Jews, who, unfortunately, lacked a territory. It was entirely appropriate then, that “in order to confer their lost Nationality upon the exiled Jews, the British with the help of the League of Nations, began to rehabilitate the old Hebrew country, Palestine, with its long lost children.” “The Jews,” said Golwalkar, “had maintained their race, religion, culture and language: all they wanted was their natural territory to complete their Nationality”.

Golwalkar’s attitude towards India’s Muslims is well-known and recorded. They could either adopt the Hindu religion and all its customs, learn to glory in its heritage, or live on sufferance, “wholly subordinated… claiming nothing, deserving no privileges, far less any preferential treatment – not even citizen’s rights”. India did not quite take that path, though Guruji, as he is referred to in RSS circles, should be credited with a remarkably accurate forecast of how life for the Palestinians would be after the Zionist takeover of their land.


Sukumar Muralidharan is a senior journalist and currently teaches journalism at O.P. Jindal Global University.

The following is an excerpt from From India to Palestine: Essays in Solidarity, edited by Githa Hariharan and published by Leftword Books (2014). Republished here with permission from the publisher.

Courtesy: Indian Cultural Forum
 

Srinagar, Kashmir: The Protests and Seige of Soura

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The govt and most of India’s Television media have portrayed that the situation is normal in all of Kashmir and that the people of the valley are ok with this move.

On 5 August 2019 the Indian Govt. struck down Article 370 and spilt the state of J&K into two Union Territories. The govt and most of India’s Television media have portrayed that the situation is normal in all of Kashmir and that the people of the valley are ok with this move. However, some incidents of unrest were reported in Soura, a dense neighbourhood in Srinagar. Newsclick spent a week covering the neighbourhood and found that there have been regular protests against the removal of article 370 and that the neighbourhood is under siege by Govt. forces.

Courtesy: New Click