Only four percent of rural SC/ST children are studying online regularly, compared to the 15 percent otherwise underprivileged children in rural areas, as per an emergency report by the School Children’s Online and Offline Learning (SCHOOL) survey, published on September 6, 2021. The ‘Locked Out’ report showed the consequences of prolonged school closure during the Covid-19 pandemic based on interviews with nearly 1,400 school children in underprivileged households. 

With 60 percent of the sample students from rural areas and another 60 percent from Dalit or Adivasi communities, the report also shows the varying disparities across the households. It illustrated how the predicament of Dalit and Adivasi households was worse than the average households for the survey. The communities face a disadvantage in all categories of online education, or regular study, or reading abilities.

Particularly, it said that only four percent of rural SC/ST children are studying online regularly, compared with 15 percent among other rural children. Barely half of them were able to read more than a few letters in the reading test. Accordingly, 98 percent rural SC/ST parents wanted schools to reopen as soon as possible.

Rural areas showed that 8 percent of sample children were studying online regularly, while 37 percent were not studying at all! However, within rural areas 43 percent SC/ST children were not studying compared to 25 percent other children.

Source: Emergency Report on School Education

Further, it said that the literacy rate in the 10-14 age group was lowest at 61 percent for rural Dalit and Adivasi children, then 66 percent of rural children and only 74 percent for urban children.

“The contrast is all the more startling as the official census definition of literacy (ability to read and write with understanding in any language) seems more restrictive than the definition used for SCHOOL survey figures,” said the report.

The survey considers a child as literate if they can read a test sentence “fluently” or “with difficulty”.

Spread majorly across Delhi, Jharkhand, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh, the survey showed that the illiteracy rate among SC/ST children from the 10-14 years age group (39 percent) was over four times higher than the average illiteracy rate for all children aged 10-14 years in the ‘SCHOOL states’ 10 years ago (9 percent).

Overall, the report indicated the presence of social discrimination within the schooling system. In Kutmu village, Latehar district of Jharkhand, most of the households are Dalits and Adivasis. However, their teachers belong to dominant caste families. The latter group’s parents told the survey team that if SC/ST children are educated, they will have no one to work in the fields!

“The teacher lives in the nearest town, comes to school in her own sweet time, and takes it easy in the classroom,” concerned parents said when asked about the teacher’s behaviour.

None of the 20 Dalit and Adivasi children interviewed in the village could read fluently. These problems will only worsen as children will be promoted to higher grades without ensuring due understanding of previous coursework.

The report raised concerns that such an educational lockout can cause a rising incidence of child labour. Some girls in the 10-14 years group already were doing household work. In rural areas, about one-fourth of girls had done unpaid work in family fields in the preceding three months. A substantial 8 percent had done paid work. Similar patterns apply to boys in the same group, with lower figures for household work.

“It will take years of patient work to repair this damage. Reopening schools is just the first step, [and] still being debated,” said the report.

Preparations such as repairing school buildings, issuing safety guidelines, training teachers, enrolment drives are virtually invisible in many states. The survey recommended an extended transition period for the schooling system to enable children to catch up with a reasonable curriculum and restore children’s psychological, social and nutritional wellbeing.

The entire report may be read here: 

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The post SCHOOL survey indicates widening educational gap between SC/ST and other children appeared first on SabrangIndia.

The fact the Adani group operates silos for the Food Corporation of India (FCI) has been a key cause of concern for protesting farmers. But before fanning the flames of conspiracy theories, it is important to delve into exactly what the Adani-FCI deal entails.

According to Adani Agri Logistics Ltd (AALL)’s own website, “Adani Agri Logistics Limited (AALL) has signed an exclusive service agreement with the Food Corporation of India. The project has been implemented at a total cost of nearly Rs. 700 crores.”

AALL explains further, “The key feature of the project is that the entire handling of the food grains, right from receiving at Base Depots, cleaning and drying as well as storage and transportation to field depots is carried out in bulk form, thus minimizing the losses. These units are notified procurement centers of FCI, where farmers deliver their produce directly in bulk form.”

Detailing where the project currently stands in terms of scope, AALL says, “AALL handles 5,75,000 MT of food grain for FCI in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra and West Bengal. Another 3,00,000 MT of food grain is handled for Govt. of Madhya Pradesh. Additionally, AALL has expanded its footprints in Bihar, UP, Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra & Gujarat with upcoming capacity of 400000 MT.”

Fears pertaining to hoarding and export

Because AALL stores food grains in such a large amount at its facilities, and there has been a dilution of laws pertaining to bulk storage, farmers groups fear that Adani could hold on to the stored grains and prevent their sale, thus causing an artificial scarcity to bump up prices.

“The presence of Adani silos cannot be seen as a single issue. These actions are being carried out to finish off the FCI and the PDS system as per the suggestions of the Santhanam Commission report. First they will make go-downs. Then the FCI will shift all food grains to Adani storehouses. Then finally Adani will take over FCI responsibilities as well. This is all as per Privatisation plans and this is why the Essential Commodities Act was amended. The government does not want the responsibility to supply food to people. So it is trying to withdraw their role and bring in privatisation instead,” says senior farm leader and All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS) general secretary Hannan Mollah. 

He further explains, “They are part of a package to abolish the FCI, the PDS system and hoarding restrictions in Essential Commodities Act. Moreover, hoarding restrictions helped keep an account of the quantity of food stores. Now, how will the government know who stores how much food?”

Bharatiya Kisan Union leader Dakaunda Jagmohan Singh says, “There is no need for private company silos. There are central government and FCI storage houses near railways but they do not repair them.” He added, “The hidden agenda is that until they purchase the produce they will take rent from the FCI.” 

There are also concerns, that since Adani has its own transportation apparatus such as dedicated trains and railway tracks that serve the silos where the grains are stored, as well as access to ports, the company could easily take the food grains out of the silos and export them to foreign countries, instead of releasing the grains in the domestic market.

“We are not just fearful, we are sure this will happen,” says DJ Singh. “Earlier during the 2017 WTO meeting at Bali, then Commerce Minister Kamal Nath chaired a meeting that had agendas similar to recent ordinances. The Modi-government went ahead and passed all these laws as per the WTO agenda without consulting farmers. Already in the Green Revolution belt of India including Punjab, Haryana and other states, they have increased prices on imported commodities like pesticides and fertilisers. Now that they have usurped all inputs they are now trying to cheaply procure and benefit from the output,” he explains.

“Already, we have heard that the company is preparing 4000 compartments and 400 engines to prepare their own goods trains. Therefore, MoUs and rent levied on the FCI or whoever else, will be as per Adani’s wishes. That is why, in the beginning when we were blocking trains we allowed certain goods trains to go but did not allow Adani’s goods trains to pass,” adds DJ Singh.

Then there are fears that Adani group’s closeness to the ruling regime, allegedly grants them special privileges.

“‘Closeness’ is an understatement. 15-20 years ago, who was Adani but a simple trader. Now, with the help of Modi he has become a big man. That is why we call it crony capitalism – these are profits made using political affiliations,” says Mollah. “The same thing happened during the Australia coal mining incident. Modi went to speak for the company. As for the company’s claim of acquiring the project through an open tender process, this is all manipulation. The company knows what it’s doing and makes such claims to fool common people,” he adds.

Adani’s response

In light of these concerns, the Adani group has issued two sets of statements of clarification, the first on December 8, 2020 and the second on January 3, 2021.

According to its latest statement, “Firstly, our website clearly states that we invested Rs 700 crores to build our Silo Grain Storage infrastructure. This project was envisaged by GOI under the National Policy on Bulk Handling, Storage and Transportation in 2000.” The group has clarified that it has been in business with the FCI since 2005 and that it won the contract through a government supervised, competitive and transparent bidding process.

The statement further said, “Apart from the Adani Group, there are over 10 more companies that are working with FCI in this field.”

The group also shot down allegations of special favours from the ruling government saying, “For the record, Adani Agri Logistics Ltd (AALL) was established in 2005, much earlier than the ruling government came into power. The Adani groups legacy stands testament to working towards national goals with multiple governments over the past three decades.”

The entire statement issued on January 3, 2021, may be read here:

? #FakeNewsAlert ? pic.twitter.com/MB12r4nbh4

— Adani Group (@AdaniOnline) January 3, 2021

Some of the fears about hoarding and sale as artificially inflated prices began when Loktantra TV aired a video story making the claims. However, the Adani group has shot down all these claims dubbing them as “blatant lies and misrepresentation of facts”.

The group issued a statement on December 8, 2020 clarifying, “The Company has no role in deciding the volume of storage as well as pricing of grains as it is only a service/infrastructure provider for the FCI, while the FCI controls the procurement and movement of the food grains for the Public Distribution System.” The group further reiterated, “We do not own any food grains procured from farmers, and are in no way connected to the pricing of grains.”

On the subject of railway lines, the group said, “These railway lines are very much a part of the tender requirements floated by the FCI under the PPP (Public Private Partnership) project, whereby railway lines facilitate movement of grains from silo units to their distribution centers across India.”

AALL’s entire statement dated December 8, 2020, may be read here:

#FakeNewsAlert

Our statement in response to the misleading video posted by the Loktantra TV YouTube channel that is leveraging the ongoing farmer crisis in order to malign our reputation and misguide public opinion. #FakeNews pic.twitter.com/k4eeEGTpHa

— Adani Group (@AdaniOnline) December 8, 2020

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Adani buys ad space in Punjab paper to advocate for farm laws
Change of Land Use permission granted to Adani raises eyebrows
Did FCI really need Adani?

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